System of water purification.



PATENTBD MAR. 6, 19'06.

J. r. wrxrou. SYSTEM of WATER PURIFIGATION.

arf?,

scribed and claimed in Letters Patent No.

UNITED STZYI'EBLENT OFFICE.

y Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Marca e, ieoo.

Application led November 18,1905. Serial No.h28'7,946.

To @l5 whom it may concern:

Be it known that L'JonN F. Wrxroan, a citizen ol the United States, and a resident of the city of St. Louis and State of Missouri, have invented a new and useful S stem of Water Purification, of which the fol owing is a specification.

My invention relates to systems of Water purification, and has for its principal objects to divide the-stream of water to be treated into a plurality of streams which are separately treated and thoroughl mixed with the chemicals to react on the water and which are subsequently united before reaching the settling-basin, to divide the stream of water to be treated into streams ofunequal size, to treat the larger stream with the chemical which it is desired shall react on the raw water first and the smaller stream with the chemical which it is desired shall subsequently react on the water and to subsequently unite said streams and thoroughly mix the same before reaching the settl1ngbasin, to divide the stream of water to be treated into two streams which are separatel vtreated and thoroughly mixed with the c emicals to react on the water and to subsequently unite the streams and thoroughly mix them for a period sufliciently long to ermit the slower reactions to be substantially completed before the united stream reaches the settling basin, and other ,objects hereinafter more fully appearing.'

My lnvention consists in the arran ements and combinations hereinafter descri ed and claimed.

The accompanying drawing shows a plan view of one s ecific arrangement ol' my system, Athe detai s being shown conventionally.

The present system is intended to be used 1n carrying out a process of chemical purifi cation of water, and especially a process in which the water is treated with large quantities of lime or hydrate of lime in the presence of a coagulant-such, for example, as ferrous sulfate or ferrous iuorid. lTo villustrate the system and its use, it will be describedl as applied to my process of water purification de- 807,008, granted to me December 12, 1905.

In carrying out the process of water urification mentioned ferrous sulfate in so utionis continuously added to the raw water. The reaction with the raw water being complete, hydrate of lime is added to the water. It is added in large quantities, and it is therefore desirable to prepare it in Vthe form of milk of lime. The milk of lime is not, however, the form of the hydrate which reacts on the water and the matter therein most rapidly, for the hydrate of lime in suspension must iirst be dissolved in the water, the chemical renc tions taking place subsequently. It is im practicable to prepare the solution of the hydrate from the purified water, as it would involve the use of such quantities as to maire the process expensive. The present system overcomes these diiliculties, while retaining all the advantages of the process and the convenience of'preparing the lime in the form of milk of lime.

The plant used as an illustration of the system is shown near a stream 1, which is the source of water-supply in this particular instance. An intake-toWerZ is located in the stream, and a conduit 3 leads to the wet well 4 of the pump-house Pumps 6 draw the water from the wet well 4 and force it to delivery-wells. Certain of said lumps deliver water to a delivery-well 7, while another delivers it to a delivery-well 8. The ipes or conduits from the umps to the dgeliverywells open into the atter at a considerable height above the normal level 'of the water therein, and hence the falling of the Water reduces aviolent a itation. A coagulatinonse 9, in which t e reagents are prepare is located near the delivery-Wells. The outlet-pipe 10 of a tank 11in which the solution of ferrous sulfate is prepared, leads to the delivery-well 7 and empties thereinto. The

outlet-'pipe 12 of a tank or digester 13, in which the milk of lime is prepared, leads to the delivery-Weil 8 and empties thereinto. The violent agitation in the wells thorouffhly mixes the reagents with the water. onduits 14 15 lead from the wells 7 8, respectively, and are of such length that it will taire several minutes for the Water to low through them, and the .reagents will have time to complete their reactions before reaching the ends thereof. The ferrous sulfate reacts on the bicarbonates in the water, and the ferrous bicarbonate is formed. The stream flowing through the conduit 14 is by far the lar er of the two. The stream flowing throu r 1 the conduit 15 is just large enough to disso ve the hydrate of lime which was added as milk of lime. l 0f course the lime reacts on the matter in the water; but the reactions ma be neglected on account of the small size o the stream. J The two conduits 14 15 empty into a single conduit 16, and here the two streams unite. The stream coming` through the conduit 15, although a ortion of the stream of water to be purified, 1s substantially a stream of linie-water or a solution of hydrate of lime and reacts on the larger stream as such.

The reactions which are described in the s ecification above referred to take place in the conduit 16, which is long enough to ive the slower reactions time to take placebo ore the Water reaches the basin and requiring several minutes. The agitation of thewater in fiowing through this conduit is suiicient to thoroughly mix the streams and insure treatment of all the Water. The conduit l16 extends along one end of a series of settlingbasins 17, of which one is shown in the accompanying drawing. An intake-pipe 18 leads from the conduit into the basin. ILateral branch pipes 19 extend from said intakepipe 18 alon the end'of the bas'in and are provided'wit upwardly-extending spouts or pipes, through which the water is discharged in upwardly-directed streams. The up er ends of said pipes 2() are considerably be ow the normal level of the water in the basin.

4 The velocity of the inflowing streams-is dissi-f pated partly by gravity and partly by the resistance of the Water above. Hence ,the Water in the basin 4is agitated over a very small area, and the water entering the basin soon.

becomes quiet. This is the condition desired for rapid coagulation and sedimentation.`

The settling-basin shown is arranged .for cleaning without em tying. Thisbasin 4is described and claimedlin my application filed May 1, 1905, VSerial reference is made :for a fullvdescription:

The settling-basin empties into aclear-water or discharge conduit 21, which runs' along its discharge end. This conduit `leads ,to the distributing main or conduit.

A pipe 22 leads from the clear-water conduit 20 to the irontank 1.1.` The water-isadmitted into the tank through a pluraity of nozzles 23. The discharge m'- outlet ipe l0 opens into the tank near'thetop. 'Illia ferroue-sulfate crystals are introduced. into the tank in measured quantities at measured 1nteryals. .The solution of 4ferrous sulfate is pre ared b the process describedand claimed 1n etterst atent No.' 806,945, granted'to me December 12, 1.905.

A branch pipe 24 leads r'rom said pi e 2.2 to a condenser 25 in the pump-house. 'llhe Water is heated in the condenser to about 125 Fahrenheit and is led by a pipe 26 to the limetank or digester 13. The discharge orf outlet pipe 12 of the lime-tank opens tliereinto near the top thereof. The milk of limeis continuously prepared by the process described and claimed in Letters Patent No. 806,946, granted. tome December 12, 1905.

The sizes of the streams into which the total quantity of water to be pul'ifedis divided No. 258,228, to which,

iroiportion to the amount ,i desired. However, it

theMississippi river water the smaller stream' should consist of one-twelfth of the total volunie of Water and the larger stream of eleven- 'twelfths p Obviously the system is capable of modification Within the sco e of myinvention, and therefore I do not Wish to be limited to the exact construction shown and described.

- What I'claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

, l. A system of water purification comprising conduits leading from a source of'watersupply, means to introduce reagentsinto said conduits, a settling-basin, and a conduit emptyin into saidbasin and into which both sai con uits e ty.-

2. A system o Water purification compris- .ing a settling-basin, a conduit emptying into said basin, conduits connected with a source of water supply .and said first mentioned conduit and means to introduce reagents into said last-mentioned conduits at such .points that the reagents will take several minutes to reach said .first-mentioned conduit.

3. A system of water purification comprising a set ling-basin, a conduit emptying into said basin, conduits connected with a'source of lWater-supply and connected to said firstmentioned 4conduit at a point distant from the point at which it empties into said -basin `far enough .for .the reagents vto take several minutes to reach said basin.

4. system of Water ing-conduits connected with .a source. of water-,supply one of said conflicts carrying a smaller stream .than the other, means to introduce hydrate `of ying .the smaller stream and means to introce a coagulant into the conduit carrying thearger stream, a settlin -basin and a conduitconnecting said conduits and said basin.

5.- A system of Water purification comprising conduits connected with a source of Water-supply, means to introduce hydrate of lime into one of said conduits, said conduit carrying a stream of water of substantially `the volume necessary to dissolve the hydrate oflime introduced, means to introduceA a coa lant into the other of said conduits, a setn"basin and a conduit connecting said con' uits and said basin.

T6. A system of water purication comprising conduitsconnected with a source of wapurification compris-4 lirne into the' conduit car- IOO the Water therein, means to introduce reagents into said delivery-wells a conduit x5 leading from each of said delivery-Weils, a settling-basin ande conduit connectin seid settling-basin and said conduits from seid deter-supply, means to introduce hydrate of lime into one of said conduits,means to intro duce a, coagulent into the other of seid conduits, a. Ysettling-basin and a conduit connecting seid conduits with said basin, seid lastmentioned conduit being long enough to perlivery-Wells. mit the reactions to besubstantielly com- In'testimony whereof I have signed my 2o pleted before thewater reaches the said bname to this specification in the presence of sin. two subscribing witnesses.

7. A system of water purification comprisi JOHN F. WIXFORD. ing delivery-wells, conduits connected with e source of `weten-smi) ly and emptying into i said delivery-Wells a ove the normal level of i Witnesses:

FRED F. REISNER, J cui B. MEGOWN. 

